Indias Anti-Corruption Movements

Indias Anti-Corruption Movements Kanika Dass 1.0 Introduction These days corruption is the word occurring maximum in the print and electronic media and the mind of the people in India today is constantly preoccupied with no other item as the issue of corruption. There are scams galore today which is happening in every corner of our country so that the country is even nicknamed as â€Å"Scamstan† which means land of scams. Perhaps in India the most chanted word next to Gods name is Corruption. According to Elliot and Meril writes, â€Å"Corruption is a willful failure to perform a specified duty in order to receive some direct or indirect personal gain†[1]. Thus in corruption a person willfully neglects his specified duty in order to have undue advantage. In fact to call an act corruption, the following characteristics should be present namely, in corruption the specified duty is neglected, there is a willful negligence of the duty and have a personal gain. The prevention of corruption act which proposed in 1988 defines, â€Å"Cor ruption means and includes all corrupt activities notified by a body designed by the government from time to time†. 2.0 Combating corruption In India a three pronged approach is advocated in combating corruption namely enactment and enforcement of a law against it, mobilization of public opinion against behavior, and the strict vigilance. Accordingly the Indian legal system came up with The Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA) 1988, chapter 9 of our Indian Penal Code (IPC) states the measure for the violation of corruption by the citizen of the country, and it also state that any citizens found in this act is liable under criminal conduct under the judiciary. In chapter IX A under no.171-B of the Indian Penal Code, Bribery is defined under offences relating to moral misconduct and criminal activity. Indian judiciary has introduced various commissions to check corruption namely, The Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA), The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC). The lokpal bill has along chequered history as it was first rooted in 1968 in terms of the recommendation of the administrative reforms commission. The introduction of The Right to Information Act (RTI) has given the right to citizens to force the government to lifts its veil of secrecy and ensure a corrupt-free system. In spite of this during Nehru era we had innumerable commissions of inquiry on corruption namely, The Railway Corruption Inquiry Committee under Acharya Kripalani (1953), The Vivian Bose Commission (1962), The Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption (1964), The Wanchoo Committee on Black Money (1974). After these unsuccessful commissions hailed the campaign of Anna Hazare with his team of Santhosh Hedge, the retired Lokayukta of Karnataka, RTI activist Arvind Kejarwal, former Police officer Kiran Bedi and others came forward to mobilize young people to the cause and to gain the massive support to the Hazare movement they invited middle class and the young gene ration of the country to protest against corruption in the country.[2] 3.0 Anna Hazare`s Anti-Corruption Movement I would be wrong if I say the fight against corruption began with this movement because the awareness had begun earlier but it was more hidden and less intense in action. With the nexus of the state with corporations, the poor losing more and more of their assets and the governing class increasing their wealth and publicly vulgarizing it, there was a pent up anger among the people of the country which the government underestimated. And this gradually turns into movement and these anti corruption movement had the following context for the movement namely, About 15% of the 548 Lok Sabha and 245 Rajya Sabha MPs face serious criminal charge for murder, rape and extortion. A high court judge of west Bengal faces impeachment by parliament and the chief justice of Sikkim took voluntary retirement. There have been serious charges of corruption against some judges of the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has voices concern over corruption in the lower levels of Judiciary. An ex-cabinet minister, a sitting MP and a few corporate honchos are in jail facing serious corruption charges for cheating thousands of crores of our money. The commonwealth games which should have been a showcase of excellence to remember, is now remembered for completely the reasons of corruption and this is the symbolic of a rotten governance system in every walk of our life. The members of parliament have been increasing their salaries perks and allowances. People in the country do not believe that our parliamentarians need that sum of money for the services they render; it is the national wealth that they have been engulfing. Parliament has not functioned for several days with parliamentarians collecting their perks and salaries for the work done and meetings not attended. Several chief ministers in state have been involved in corruption of great magnitude. Their land deals, mining operations, oil scandals and involvement in financial and business deals have lowered their status and dignity in the public realm. Elections have become a mockery. Where candidates and parties try to outdo each other during elections by corrupt deals. Promises are made that are never implemented, all kinds of tricks are adopted, and people are divided on various grounds. Posts are auctioned. Even the teachers, police officers and people in the administration have to pay bribes for transfers. Ordinary employees of the state-clerks, peons and the others are caught with huge excess and unaccounted wealth that does not belong to them. It is a robbery of public wealth. Those close to the administration have unaccounted money.[3] These were few of the contexts of the Anti Corruption Movement led by Anna Hazare. These issues were addressed in the lokpal bill. 3.1 The Evaluation and the Limitations of Movement I feel this movement had worked for the instant solutions to the immediate problems, where the changes in any society are slow and gradual. The other major aspect which involved in the movement were the middle class people of the society who had only material cause in their minds of getting things at the cheaper rate by bringing back the black money to the country and during the movement there were many money (profit oriented) factor came into picture. We used the Gandhian symbols of white-cloth caps mixed with new age symbols of candles but there ideology was about market exchanges.[4] And this movement was not a social justice movement like our Independence movement because any movement should be driven by the masses but this movement is driven by a single person who is transformed as a messiah by a disillusioned people. Corruption by those in power is all about he invites people to fight against. The method to get rid of that corruption for hazare is all about a law to be enacted. What a simple solution for a complicated problem! What Anna is determined to do is mobilize the people, dictate a bill to the parliament, and ask them to act. This is authoritarianism because in democracy all voices have to be heard and decisions can be made only through dialogue. This bill needed wide consultation and the team of Anna Hazare alone does not constitute civil society. On the other hand bill needed to bring everyone into accountability because judiciary and the parliamentarians were not under the bill. Take the case of India`s caste system where we are not able eradicate it. The caste system is a socio-religious corruption which is more dangerous than the corruption Anna Hazare engaged to fight against. Dalits still suffer untold pain and discrimination because of this corruption it is like a cancer and this caste corruption is on the increase manifested in different forms. Why was Anna Hazare silent on caste corruption? We have a social evil of prostitution thrives in the name of religion (Devadasi system), female feticide is concern. , we had anti-Sikh riots in 1984, Gujarat genocide of 2002, Kandhamal riots of 2008-09, these are form of corruption that has destroyed and divided our society, and many questioned where Anna was during this situation? Dalit columnist Chandrabhan Prasad says, â€Å"The Anna Hazare phenomenon is leading us to the rejection of representative democracy and this movement is against the India`s political democracy itself†[5]. Because those involved in the movement want everybody to believe that only politicians are corrupt. 4.0 Conclusion The massive participation of youngsters in anti-corruption movement led by team Anna is seen to achieve hidden interests of invisible forces. As the team had good financial support from where did this aid come from to a normal social activist. Anna followed fasting method in the protest which was considered has the warning and treat for the nations by Mahatma Gandhi he also said people should not go on hunger strike after the independence of our country. Being the follower of Gandhi, Anna has disobeyed what Gandhi has asked us to follow. This movement has brought a class of people to the politics in the notion of making a difference. The public opinion is valued in governance but that public opinion cannot be based on the class interests. The common people are affected by the corruption of our country and we have also contributed to it. Bibliography Abdulraheem, â€Å"Corruption in India: An Overview,† Journal of Social Action, no.59, (October 2009). All India Reporters (AIR) SC 870 â€Å"State of Madhya Pradesh v. Shri Ram Singh†, (April 2000). Deep Pankaj, â€Å"Corruption, Transparency and Good Governance,† Journal of social action, no.59, (December 2009). Pinto Ambrose, â€Å"Anna Hazare Movement and India`s middle class,† Journal of social action, no. 61 (Dec 2011). Singh Avtar, â€Å"The problem of corruption and its remedies,† Journal of Social Action, no.61 (December 2011). Times of India (Bangalore Edition), 19th August, 2011. Transparency International. The TI source book. Berlin: Transparency International, 1998. [1] Avtar Singh, â€Å"The problem of corruption and its remedies,† Journal of Social Action, no.61 (December 2011), 373. [2] Pankaj Deep, â€Å"corruption, transparency and good governance,† Journal of social action, no.59, (December 2009), 385. [3] AmbrosePinto, â€Å"Anna Hazare Movement and India`s middle class,† Journal of social action, no. 61 (Dec 2011), 337 [4] Ibid., 344 [5] Times of India (Bangalore Edition), 19th August, 2011.

Guernica, Picasso 1937

The Spanish painter Picasso was a cubist and his worldwide famous ‘Queering' is a mural-sized flat oil painting on canvas (3. 5 meters tall and 7. 8 meters wide). It is all grey, blacks and whites and was painted in 1937. Picasso started the painting when he heard that the Germans had Just bombed the quiet and traditional Basque town of Queering on 26 April 1937 in support of the Spanish Nationalist forces of the Fascist General Franco during the Spanish Civil War.The broken sword near the bottom of the painting symbolizes the defeat of the people at the hand of their tormentors. The shape and posture of the bodies express protest, Picasso uses black, white, and grey paint to set a dark, sober mood and express pain and chaos, buildings in flames and crumbling walls not only express the destruction of Queering, but reflect the destructive power of civil war. The newspaper print used in the painting reflects how Picasso learned of the massacre and the light bulb in the painting r epresents the sun.Picasso monumental work showed the effect on both people and animals. The distorted forms and the monochromatic palette clearly show the grief of the people for example, he shows a fighter and a mother and child tit displaced features and ghost like forms along with a woman on fire running from a burning building. The fine patterns in the centre of the painting resembles words on torn pieces of newspaper, suggesting that art is as powerful as the mass media in communicating a message.Chaos and despair are amplified by sharp, angular shapes, particularly the bold triangular form at the centre of the painting and vivid contrasts of light and shade. On May 11 1937, he made the first sketch for the mural. By the tenth of May, he had already begun work on the canvas. And in early June, the mural was completed. There are about 100 recorded sketches relating to the mural, some made before Picasso started working on the canvas, and others done simultaneously with the paint ing.In some of the sketches, Picasso experimented with color. Even when the mural was almost completed, the artist stuck pieces of patterned wallpaper onto the canvas to determine the effect of color of the composition. Charcoal and oil paint were the main materials Picasso had used on his painting. Picasso had to use a ladder and a long-handled brush to reach the retest part of his artwork. An enormous size of the stretched canvas, measuring 3. 5 x 7. meters and so had to be tilted to fit under the rafters of the ceiling, and dim lighting from bay windows on one side of the studio, failed to interfere with action or progress. The painting was completed in twenty-four mad and wild days. Streams of ideas, emotions, traditions, myths, obsessions and symbols of his roots deeply surrounded in Hispanic and Mediterranean culture spilled onto the canvas. These were fuelled by anger and a need to express his pain. Queering, Picasso 1937 By cherry's

Global Warming And Its Effect On The Environment - 1635 Words

Over the last century, global warming has been taking a toll on the environment due to the amount of fossil fuels being burned to produce utilities to keep cities running. But within the last decade company owners as well as normal people have been trying to make a difference by trying to conserve as much power as possible where and when they can. When these changes are made, the chain effect slows down meaning, less burning fossil fuels to maintain a city, and more looking for ways to live environmentally friendly. A lot of people are unaware of the benefits that come with solar panels. I personally feel like solar energy should be implemented in daily living. This is unlimited energy, free of charge. It interests me knowing how the sun†¦show more content†¦Solar panels use specific materials which take this heat and turn the thermal energy into electricity. This is called solar power. These solar panels are mounted on higher structures like roofs and buildings, but can also be placed on an open field. There is no specific place to install one, as long as it can receive direct sunlight. Solar panels can be used to heat and cool homes and buildings, reduce monthly utilities costs, power all appliances in the house all while producing no waste due to the renewable energy. Being able to produce electricity at a lower cost than fossil fuels, all while using energy from an unlimited source that is renewable with no need to find waste facilities to dump the remains in is what make solar pane ls great. What’s the Problem with Burning Fossil Fuels? Hydrocarbons, which are formed from the remains of dead animals and plants, such as natural gas, coal and oil are known as fossil fuels. These natural resources were created millions of years ago during the Carboniferous Period (Glossary: #2). During this time, the earth was covered in swamps, algae, plants and vegetation but over time the plants and vegetation died sinking to the bottom of the swamps. This created a squishy material called peat. Following was sand and clay which covered over these swamps with what is known today as sedimentary rock. As the peat continued to sink and the sedimentary rock continue to pile up, the water was forced out of the peat and over time

Case Study. Suppose After Trying To Get Pregnant For Many

Case Study: Suppose after trying to get pregnant for many years, after being tested it is found that the baby has Down syndrome, and the doctors suggest to abort the fetus. Although, having a successful career the question is would you get an abortion? A friend also says yes and now you are torn between what you want to do, what you should do and what others tell you should do. Abortion Ethical Dilemma Essay Women are the giver of life and with that comes a beautiful bouncy baby. Sometimes with this right, an abortion can be a part of it due to various reasons such as, rape, incest and medical disabilities. People face ethical dilemmas such as those from the time we are born until we die. No one knows what they will do in an ethical†¦show more content†¦However, he also gave us the freedom to choose which path we will follow (Deuteronomy 30:15-20). Another core belief is that whatever that we have done wrong can always be put back into perspectives if we ask for forgiveness. The Christian worldview says that humanity is sinful by nature and, therefore, will live and act in a sinful manner. From the beginning, God enacted and unfolded his plan for humanity, to redeem a people for himself (Titus 2:11-14), requiring that justice be upheld and sin punished. Although this may be considered a punishment she will be forgiven. Because we were already born with sin embedded in us. I believe it will be more of a punishment of her soul to give the baby up and then find out the baby is not being treated fairly in foster care or the government facilities. Resolution In the Christian worldview, God is a moral being who made humans capable of moral choices (Uhley, 2014). The Christian thing to do here would be for me to tell her that the ultimate decision is hers, her spouse and her God. Do not take it lightly because after everything is said and done we will be judged. As long as she knows the decision she makes is the one she can live with and that is all that matters. Evaluation As a result of my honesty, the lady would be able to choose a position based on how she feels and not man’s decision. We all know that ultimately her judgment will be with her creator, no one else. Even people who otherwise describeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Abortion2716 Words   |  11 Pages Abortion is a very controversial subject that has been continually argued over for the past few years and probably many years to come. The main controversy is should abortion be legalized? First before we get into the many sides of abortion we must first define abortion. Abortion is the destruction of the fetus or unborn child while the child is still in the mothers womb. 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